Sometimes called “a pacemaker for the brain”, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a minimally-invasive surgical procedure in which an implantable device delivers electrical pulses to counteract the irregular signals that result in movement disorder symptoms such as tremor, rigidity and difficulty walking. This procedure can be a life-changing treatment for people with movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia for whom medication has not been effective and/or cannot be tolerated.
DBS can be performed unilaterally (one-sided) or bilaterally (two-sided) depending on whether one or both sides of the body experience symptoms. Overall, the goal of DBS treatment is to provide long-lasting improvement in one’s quality of life while allowing for programming adjustments, as needed, to maintain relief from the progressive symptoms of movement disorders.
What to Expect During Treatment
The first step in the DBS procedure is to undergo specialized imaging such as MRI and CT scans to pinpoint the precise area within the brain responsible for the irregular electrical nerve signals and to determine the optimal pathway for implantation. With the target area identified, the electrodes are placed and the neurosurgeon ensures they are effectively alleviating symptoms by making adjustments for maximum relief. Post-operative adjustments can be made during routine office visits to the patient’s neurologist and can later be controlled at home with a handheld remote.
The second step in the DBS procedure is to have a pacemaker-like device, called a pulse generator, implanted in the upper chest. From there, a hair-thin wire connects this battery to the implanted electrodes.
How long does the DBS device last?
Most models of this device can last many years due to improvements in size, battery performance and durability. Replacement of the DBS battery is performed, when necessary, as a simple outpatient procedure. These advances have created amazing possibilities for people suffering from movement disorders.