Published on Dec. 21, 2018

Flu vs. Cold: How to Tell the Difference and What to Do

Flu symptoms can feel overwhelming, while a cold can quietly wear you down. But telling the difference between the two isn’t always easy. Understanding the key symptoms, treatments, and prevention tips can help you recover faster—and avoid getting sick in the first place.

The Fast and Furious Flu

The flu often hits suddenly—and hard.

You might go to bed feeling slightly off, only to wake up feeling completely unwell. Symptoms tend to appear quickly and intensely, making it difficult to go about your day.

Common Flu Symptoms

  • High fever
  • Severe body aches
  • Chills and sweating
  • Fatigue
  • Persistent cough
  • Headache

What to Expect

  • Symptoms begin 1–4 days after exposure
  • Illness can last 1–2 weeks
  • Most common during flu season (October–March)

The flu spreads easily from person to person, especially during peak months.

The Sly and Shifty Cold

Colds tend to develop more gradually and feel less intense—but they can still disrupt your routine.

You may notice mild symptoms at first, like sniffling or a scratchy throat, before the full cold sets in.

Common Cold Symptoms

  • Runny or stuffy nose
  • Mild body aches
  • Sore throat
  • Cough
  • Fatigue

Key Differences from the Flu

  • Rarely causes fever
  • No chills or excessive sweating
  • Symptoms are typically milder

Most colds last about 7–10 days, though they can still leave you feeling run down.

Cold vs. Flu: Key Differences at a Glance

Flu

  • Sudden onset
  • High fever
  • Severe fatigue and body aches
  • Chills and sweating
  • Longer recovery time

Cold

  • Gradual onset
  • Mild symptoms
  • Rare fever
  • Shorter duration
  • Mostly upper respiratory symptoms

What About Stomach Symptoms?

The flu can sometimes cause:

  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pain
  • Diarrhea

However, if these symptoms occur without respiratory symptoms, it’s likely gastroenteritis, often called the “stomach flu” (though it’s not the same as influenza).

Will Antibiotics Help?

Unfortunately, antibiotics won’t help with either illness.

  • Both flu and colds are caused by viruses
  • Antibiotics only treat bacterial infections

Taking antibiotics unnecessarily will not:

  • Speed recovery
  • Reduce symptoms
  • Prevent spreading illness

Treatment Options for Flu vs. Cold

Flu Treatment

Prescription antiviral medications may help:

  • Tamiflu
  • Relenza
  • Xofluza

Important:

  • Must be started within 48 hours of symptom onset
  • May reduce duration and severity

Talk to your doctor to see if antivirals are right for you.

Cold Treatment

There’s no prescription cure for the common cold, but over-the-counter (OTC) options can ease symptoms.

Helpful OTC Options

  • Decongestants for nasal congestion
  • Antihistamines for runny nose or watery eyes

Always consult a pharmacist to ensure medications are safe and appropriate for you.

Home Remedies to Feel Better Faster

If you’re dealing with a cold or the flu, these simple remedies can help you feel more comfortable:

Rest

  • Prioritize sleep
  • Take it easy to support recovery

Stay Hydrated

  • Drink water, herbal tea, or electrolyte drinks
  • Avoid caffeinated or carbonated beverages

Soothe a Sore Throat

  • Gargle warm salt water
    • ½ teaspoon salt in 8 oz. water
  • Repeat for 30–60 seconds

Use Steam for Relief

  • Sit in a steamy bathroom
  • Helps open sinuses and soothe irritation

Try a “Steam Fort”

  • Boil water and add a few drops of eucalyptus oil
  • Place a towel over your head and breathe in steam for 30 seconds

How to Prevent Getting Sick

Preventing illness is always easier than treating it.

Everyday Prevention Tips (CDC)

  • Wash hands frequently with soap and warm water
  • Use hand sanitizer if soap isn’t available
  • Avoid close contact with sick individuals
  • Stay home when you’re sick
  • Avoid touching your face
  • Cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue
  • Disinfect frequently touched surfaces

The Best Protection: Prevention

One of the most effective ways to protect yourself from the flu is the flu shot.

  • Often available at no cost through employers or insurance
  • Helps reduce your risk of getting the flu
  • May lessen symptom severity if you do get sick

While there’s no vaccine for the common cold, following healthy habits can still reduce your risk.

Take Care and Stay Well

Whether it’s a cold or the flu, both can disrupt your daily life. Knowing the difference helps you choose the right treatment and take the right precautions.

By staying informed, practicing good hygiene, and prioritizing rest and hydration, you can support your recovery—and protect those around you.